"Calibration models are called robust when the prediction accuracy is relatively insensitive towards unknown changes of external factors. The main factors which may affect model performance are (Wang et al., 1991): (i) the calibration model developed on one instrument is transported to another instrument that produces instrumental responses that differ from the responses obtained on the first instrument; (ii) the instrumental responses measured on a single instrument drift because of temperature fluctuations, electronic drift, and changes in wavelength or detector stability over time; and (iii) the samples belong to different batches."
(Nicolaï, B.M., Beullens, K., Bobelyn, E., Peirs, A., Saeys, W., Theron, K.I., Lammertyn, J.
Nondestructive measurement of fruit and vegetable quality by means of NIR spectroscopy: A review (2007) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 46 (2), pp. 99-118. )
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